• pH - The measure of a soil's hydrogen ion concentration. This is a critical measurement because its affects the availability of nutrients for uptake. Soils with pH levels less than 7.0 are considered acidic while soils with pH levels about 7 are considered to be alkaline. To effectively grow turf in a natural, organic program your pH should be somewhere between 6.0 and 7.0. If your pH is less than this range it is recommended to do a calcitic lime application.
  • Macronutrients
  • Micronutrients 
  • Organic matter - Includes living and decomposed plant and animal tissues (dead leaves, grass clippings, soil fungi, plant roots, etc.) 
  • CEC (Cation Exchange Capacity) - Measures the capacity of a soil to hold and release nutrient ions such as calcium, magnessium, . Soils high in clay and organic matter will have a high CEC. Organic matter should be added if the CEC is less than 10.
  • Ca:Mg Ratio - Calcium (Ca) and Magnesium (Mg) are essential macronutrients that provide insight into a soil's chemical and physical condition. Soils with significant silt and clay content can have their structure adversely affected if Mg levels are disproportionate to the levels of Ca. An ideal ration is near 6.5.